The elements of graphic design are used, and often combined,
to create graphic works. They should not be confused with principles of design,
such as balance and white space, but rather components such as color, type and
images. Presented here is a list of the most commonly used elements in graphic
design.
Shapes
From ancient pictographs to modern logos, shapes are at the root of design.
They are used to establish layouts, create patterns, and build countless
elements on the page. With graphics software such as Illustrator, creating and
manipulating shapes is easier than ever, giving designers the freedom to create
them at will.
Lines
Lines are used to divide space, direct the eye, and create forms. At the
most basic level, straight lines are found in layouts to separate content, such
as in magazine, newspaper, and website designs. This can of course go much
further, with curved, dotted, and zigzag lines used as the defining elements on
a page and as the basis for illustrations and graphics. Often, lines will be
implied, meaning other elements of design will follow the path of line, such as
type on a curve.
Color
Color is an interesting element of graphic design because it can be applied
to any other element, changing it dramatically. It can be used to make an image
stand out, to show linked text on a website, and to evoke emotion. Graphic
designers should combine their experience with color with an understanding of
color theory.
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